Research preprint / 06 September 2026

A Solver-Independent,
Fixed-Topology Linear-Work
Endpoint Certificate for
Sparse Reciprocal Transportation

Long LiIndependent Researcher

From a floating-point candidate to a checkable guarantee of positivity, exact feasibility, and bounded objective error—directly on the original sparse problem.

Preprint · Not peer-reviewed · arXiv submission pending category endorsement; no arXiv identifier assigned.

01 / The idea

Solve however you like.
Verify what matters.

The numerical solver proposes a potential. A separate replay is the sole authority for acceptance.

min ∑e (ceze + μe/ze) Bz = β  ·  z > 0
  1. 01

    Propose

    A finite dual candidate from any numerical solver.

    Untrusted candidate
  2. 02

    Recover

    Reciprocal KKT allocation with a canonical spanning-tree correction.

    Implicit exact-real flow
  3. 03

    Replay

    Signed, outward-rounded arithmetic checks the same recovered allocation.

    Accept or reject
Strict positivityExact represented marginalsObjective gap ≤ ε

The linear-work claim applies to verification with precompiled, fixed-topology schedules—not to the entire solve. Exact feasibility belongs to the implicit real allocation; the returned binary64 vector is approximate. A separate rational format supports explicit exact-feasible decisions.

02 / Computational evidence

Common targets.
Explicit boundaries.

Matched problem fingerprints, saved accuracy targets, and independent integer/rational checks.

Matched-accuracy comparison

18 shared problems · 300 or 1,000 edges

Accepted instances at the same epsilon for each tested implementation
Tested implementationAt shared ε
CertQuota public cold pipeline18 / 18
CertQuota on the same SeDuMi dual18 / 18
Experimental VSDP interval port15 / 18

All 18 port brackets are finite and independently witnessed; three miss the common tolerance. The dense Octave-interval compatibility port is not stock VSDP/INTLAB. These observations are not a universal solver ranking.

Independent verification
90public proof objects

Recheck the synthetic problems with Python's standard library. No CertQuota, NumPy, Arb, or VSDP imports are needed.

Download the witness archive ↗

The local audit checks 114 objects. The 24 MovieLens-derived objects are not redistributed under the dataset's permission requirement.

Difficult candidates

26 / 36 within the original budget

All 36 valid starts eventually pass only with explicit extra retry stages. All 18 invalid-domain controls are rejected.

Changing trees

66 vs 216 tree builds

Rebuild-on-rejection and always-rebuild both pass 216/216 cells. These are correlated measurements from nine graphs.

Budget decisions

12 / 12 rational decisions checked

Historical MovieLens inputs with nonzero cost and quota proxies. One dataset, not a production deployment or a recommendation-quality claim.

Source: the A45 revision and independent-witness appendix in the paper. Numerical evidence is not a substitute for independent human proof review.

03 / Open companion

Read it. Run it. Check it.

Small, inspectable components with a documented finite-precision contract.

A minimal round trip

Only an accepted strict certificate authorizes an allocation. A solver status alone does not.

Read the reproduction guide ↗
git clone https://github.com/long-0228/certquota.git
cd certquota
python -m pip install .
python examples/solve_and_replay.py

This is a curated public snapshot, not the complete historical local experiment environment. Raw MovieLens data, dataset-derived proof arrays, proprietary interval software, and third-party solver binaries are excluded.

04 / Citation

Build on a checkable result.

The citation will be updated when an arXiv identifier or journal record is available.

Download BibTeX ↓
@misc{li2026certquota,
  author = {Li, Long},
  title = {A Solver-Independent, Fixed-Topology
           Linear-Work Endpoint Certificate for
           Sparse Reciprocal Transportation},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Preprint},
  url = {https://long-0228.github.io/certquota/}
}